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Source: http://svconline.com/proav/coil_understanding-thiele-small-parameters/ Understanding Thiele-Small Parameters The Thiele-Small (T-S) parameters are commonly used by engineers to define the relationship between a speaker and a particular enclosure. But they can also provide some measures describing loudspeaker components that defy marketing interpretation. The Thiele-Small (T-S) parameters are commonly used by engineers to define the relationship between a speaker and a particular enclosure. But they can also provide some measures describing loudspeaker components that defy marketing interpretation. Here are some of the more useful T-S parameters and what they mean: Fs: The free-air resonant frequency of a speaker. In general, a lower Fs indicates a woofer that would be better for low-frequency reproduction than a woofer with a higher Fs. Re: The DC resistance of the driver measured with an ohm meter. This measurement will almost always be less than the driver's nominal impedance. Le: The voice coil inductance measured in millihenries (mH). The industry standard is to measure inductance at 1kHz. As frequencies get higher there will be a rise in impedance above Re because the voice coil is acting as an inductor. Thus, the impedance of a speaker is not a fixed resistance, but changes as the input frequency changes. Maximum impedance (Zmax) occurs at Fs. Q parameters: Measurements related to the control of a transducer's suspension when it reaches the resonant frequency (Fs). The suspension must prevent any lateral motion that might allow the voice coil and pole to touch (damaging the loudspeaker). Qms is a measurement of the control from the speaker's mechanical suspension system (the surround and spider). Qes is a measurement of the control from the speaker's electrical suspension system (the voice coil and magnet). Qts is the “Total Q” of the driver. In general, Qts of 0.4 or below indicates a transducer well-suited to a vented enclosure. Qts between 0.4 and 0.7 indicates suitability for a sealed enclosure. Qts of 0.7 or above indicates suitability for free-air or infinite baffle applications. Cms: The “compliance” of the suspension in a particular speaker. Cms is a measurement of its stiffness measured in meters per Newton. Vd: The Peak Diaphragm Displacement Volume, or the volume of air the cone will move. It is calculated by multiplying Xmax (voice coil overhang of the driver) by Sd (surface area of the cone). Vd is noted in cc. The highest Vd figure is desirable for a sub-bass transducer. BL: Expressed in Tesla meters, this is a measurement of the motor strength of a speaker. Think of this as how good a weightlifter the transducer is. The formula is mass in grams divided by the current in amperes. A high BL figure indicates a very strong transducer that moves the cone with authority. Mms: The combination of the weight of the cone assembly plus the “driver radiation mass load.” The weight of the cone assembly is easy: it's just the sum of the weight of the cone assembly components. The driver radiation mass load is the weight of the air (the amount calculated in Vd) that the cone will have to push. Xmax/Xlim: Short for Maximum Linear Excursion. Speaker output becomes nonlinear when the voice coil begins to leave the magnetic gap. Although suspensions can create nonlinearity in output, the point at which the number of turns in the gap (see BL) begins to decrease is when distortion starts to increase. Sd: This is the actual surface area of the cone, normally given in square cm.

t2 and sundown z v.3 are not even comparable the z v.3 is an all around good sub the t2 is not. Rockford make decent amps and that is it. people think the spaceship looking basket is cool but it does not help the woofer in any way. I would compare a sa to a t2 over a z to a t2. and your talking about recones. if you are going to need to recone the z you must be clipping the hell out of it with 1700 watts therefor the t2 will be dead years before the z and i have heard the t2 having alot of tinsil lead problems. so your choice

ive heard this said a bunch of times. anyone out there have a vid of their subs laughing? im interested in knowing what this sounds like so i can tell when my subs are doing it.

ill go give that a shot really quick thanks for the quick response!

So since I found it funny And since someone thinks they can make demands I'll answer his demands. No. The links stay. Everythign stays. You should be proud that your mom is a standup woman who understands the right and wrong. Its just too bad you didnt Stephen. Its also too bad you didnt think about what mail fraud felonies would do to your poor little young life. I am surprised by the audacity you have by making demands after trying to screw someone over on a deal you should have never been doing. In case you didnt notice. you are now in bright pink. You also have no rights on the forum. You are blackballed. oh and in case you didnt notice. I also added your real name to the title? Want to know why? When someone googles your name trying to find some back history out on you guess what comes up? This thread. Get mad. Get upset. There was nothing non factual posted. It can not be used as slander or as libel. I guess thats what happens when you try to screw people on the internet. Have a nice day

how would i do this for all my stuff like my amp's and deck